One more advantage is the durability of steel skeletons. Buildings with steel frameworks are resistant to storms, winds, earthquakes, and any severe gravitational forces, which enhances their lifespan and durability, thus satisfying engineers and users alike. These structures occupy less space in the building compared to concrete columns and can be executed much faster. Unlike concrete skeletons, there is no need for formwork or pouring concrete floor by floor.
Instead of spending a lot of money on designing and executing concrete skeletons, you can choose this type of framework to ensure the strength and durability of the building in the future.
Stages of Construction and Installation of Four-Story Steel Skeletons
The installation of a four-story steel skeleton is carried out in various stages. Key steps include the installation of base plates, columns, main and secondary beams, plumb alignment, and the installation of braces along with checking the welding quality. The following discusses these stages:
➕ Base Plate Installation
The base plate is installed using two methods in a four-story building. In the first method, the base plate is connected to the column in the factories that manufacture steel skeletons, and these components are linked to the foundation using rebar present at the site. In the second method, the base plate is installed on-site on the foundation. After the foundation concrete is poured, the columns are installed onto the base plate using bolts, which enhances the building’s stability.
➕ Construction and Installation of Columns
➕ Construction and Installation of Main Beams
In constructing the beams, the process is similar to that of the columns. In this step, sheets are cut to the desired width, and after beveling the edges of each sheet, they are connected with groove welding. The web and flanges of the beam are then assembled together, and the installation of brackets takes place. After installing the brackets, longitudinal welding must be performed using either a CO2 welding machine or a submerged arc welding machine. Finally, the steel beams proceed to the painting stage.
➕ Final Plumb Alignment of Columns
After installing the main beams and steel columns, the next step is plumb alignment. Final plumb alignment is crucial in the installation process of the four-story steel skeleton building, as it significantly affects the transfer of gravitational and seismic loads. This stage must be executed with high precision to avoid serious architectural issues in the building.
➕ Installation of Secondary Beams
Secondary beams, often made from I-shaped profiles or plate girders, are responsible for transferring the roof load to the main beams. After the profiles are cut to the appropriate length and the top flange and web are trimmed, these components are placed alongside the main beams to create pin connections. In the next stage, the shear connectors and final brackets are installed on the secondary beams to connect them to the main beam. Afterward, the welds are inspected, and the secondary beams are painted.
➕ Construction and Installation of Braces
In this stage, connection plates or gusset plates are positioned at the junction of the axes of the beams and columns, and they are welded at the corners. This ensures that the high force of the braces does not cause twisting of the columns.
➕ Completion of Welding and Connections of Beams and Columns
The final stage in executing the four-story steel skeleton building involves completing the welding and connections of the beams and columns to one another. Experience shows that earthquakes can lead to the collapse of non-standard buildings, resulting in significant costs. In this section, by welding the connections of the beams and columns, the quality of the structure can be significantly improved, minimizing the damages caused by poor quality welds.
If you want to design and construct multi-story buildings with maximum strength and resistance, you can benefit from the services of Saman Dezh in executing steel skeletons, ensuring that the installation process of these frameworks proceeds smoothly.
More to Read: Execution of Bolt and Nut Steel Structures
