In any building or structure, the frame is the key factor for strength and stability, and this framework in greenhouses not only provides durability but also supports its covering. In the past, the metal frames of greenhouses were often made from materials like wood. However, since wood has a low lifespan, it did not exhibit sufficient resilience under conditions such as strong winds or heavy snow and rain. This led to the development of sturdier frameworks. Today, most greenhouse frames are made from metals like iron, aluminum, and steel, which offer high and adequate strength and durability.
Definition of a greenhouse metal frame
Modern greenhouses typically feature structures with glass roofs or, in some cases, plastic roofs and metal frames. They are used for growing fruits, vegetables, flowers, and any other plants that require specific temperature conditions. The metal frames of greenhouses are one of the essential components in greenhouse construction, tasked with protecting plants in unfavorable environmental conditions and regulating the growing environment.
Metal skeletons are typically made from materials such as iron, aluminum, and steel, which provide adequate durability and strength. The main components of a greenhouse metal skeleton include the bases, which support the weight of the building and the greenhouse roof; the gutters, designed to collect and direct water away from the greenhouse environment; the frames, which create the main structure of the greenhouse and reduce shading; and the ventilation windows, aimed at controlling airflow within the greenhouses..
Materials for the Metal Frame of a Greenhouse
Various materials can be used to construct the metal frame of a greenhouse, including wood, aluminum, galvanized steel, PVC plastic, and even resin. Among these options, the most common and cost-effective material is durable polyethylene, which also has suitable light transmission capabilities. For windy areas, woven polyethylene fabric is a more suitable choice.
Many people also choose aluminum for their greenhouse’s metal frame, which is a good option but not without drawbacks. Notable features of aluminum include its resistance to rust and its lightweight nature. Since aluminum falls under the category of lightweight materials, it is cheaper to transport; however, this characteristic can be a significant disadvantage in areas with harsh weather conditions. In such regions, the greenhouse frame requires greater durability to withstand occasional strong winds, freezing temperatures, and heavy snow loads. Even in other areas with more temperate weather, individuals may prefer to build their greenhouse with a sturdier structure. Additionally, another drawback of aluminum greenhouse frames is their cost, which is relatively high, thus increasing the overall expenses of purchasing and constructing a greenhouse.
Another option is galvanized steel, which is created by adding a protective layer over steel. Due to its rust-resistant properties, it is suitable for protecting metal frameworks when used in hot, humid, and dusty environments. Galvanized steel is very strong and is considered one of the best options for constructing greenhouse frames. Galvanized steel metal frameworks are highly resistant to various factors, such as strong winds and heavy rainfall. For the panels, glass, polycarbonate, or polyethylene can be used.
Main Components of a Greenhouse Metal Frame
The main components of a greenhouse are its structural elements, such as trusses, purlins, and side columns. Most metal frames are made from steel, aluminum, plastic, or wood. When deciding on the type of foundation to use, there are various factors to consider. The metal frame of a greenhouse serves as an important structure to protect plants from adverse environmental conditions and to regulate the growing environment. It consists of various components, each with its own function:
➕ Posts
Posts, or the main columns, are used to support the weight of the building and the greenhouse roof. These posts are typically made of metal or wood and are placed in cement for added strength. Wood and metal are used to construct posts, with metal types generally being stronger than wooden ones.
➕ Gutters
Gutters are responsible for collecting and directing water away from the greenhouse frame. These components are crucial for preventing water accumulation in the greenhouse environment and are usually made from galvanized pipe and profiles. To improve water drainage through the gutters, a slope of about 10 centimeters is added for every 5.5 meters of the greenhouse length.
➕ Sash Bars
Sash bars are one of the important components of the greenhouse frame, designed with a specific shape and size to create minimal shading. These bars are typically made from metal and contribute to the overall strength of the structure. The bars must be robust enough to withstand heavy rain and strong winds. Additionally, to support the bars within the greenhouse, a rod called a purlin is used, which runs along the length of the greenhouse.
➕ Trusses
Trusses are supporting members used for the structural integrity of greenhouses, particularly in double-sided greenhouses. These components help distribute the weight of the roof evenly.
➕ Ventilators
Ventilators are placed along the entire length of the greenhouse or in various sections to control airflow. These windows assist in improving ventilation and reducing the temperature inside the greenhouse.
➕ Ridge
The ridge refers to the raised section in greenhouses, which secures the upper part of the greenhouse frame. Additionally, roof ventilation devices are placed at the ridge.
➕ Ridge Cap
The ridge cap is located at the end of the ridge and serves as a pathway for inspection and minor repairs. These caps are typically made of metal and contribute to the structural stability of the building.
Price of Greenhouse Metal Frame
The price of a greenhouse metal frame depends on various factors, including the type of metal used, the dimensions of the greenhouse, and additional equipment. Generally, the cost of building a well-equipped greenhouse is usually calculated per square meter. Paying attention to minor details can significantly impact the reduction or increase in costs. For example, using steel rebar to construct the greenhouse frame can help reduce expenses to some extent.
The experts at Saman Dezh Group, recognized as pioneers in the field of structural frameworks for buildings in Iran, bring over two decades of experience in the construction industry. They can offer innovative and reliable solutions for constructing greenhouse frameworks to their clients. To learn about the precise prices of materials and to estimate the costs of building a greenhouse, you can get in touch with them.
Used Greenhouse Framework
Purchasing a used greenhouse framework can be an economical and suitable option for those looking to reduce construction costs. These frameworks, which are typically made from durable metals, can be bought at a lower price compared to new frameworks. Various buying and selling websites offer numerous advertisements for the purchase and sale of used greenhouse frameworks. Using second-hand frameworks can be a great option for cost reduction, provided that their quality and integrity are ensured. Ultimately, paying attention to details and choosing high-quality materials can contribute to creating a sustainable and efficient growing environment.
Conclusion
The metal framework of a greenhouse plays a vital and critical role as one of the key components in the construction and operation of greenhouses. These frameworks are made using durable and robust materials such as iron, aluminum, and steel, which help protect plants from varying and, at times, adverse environmental conditions. Additionally, the greenhouse framework consists of various components, each playing an important role in the strength and efficiency of the structure. Attention to detail, proper selection of quality materials, and suitable design can enhance the lifespan of the greenhouse and improve its performance.
